Goal 11: 3. Main Indicators

Key trend in “Sustainable cities and communities” show the following evidence (Eurostat Report, pp 215 and ss):

• Quality of housing in the EU has improved over the past five years;
• Europeans perceive their residential areas as quieter and safer, but exposure to air pollution remains an issue;
• Despite recent improvements, exposure of the urban population to fine particular matter remains high;
• The degree of urbanisation only has a marginal influence on overcrowding, but strongly affects perception of noise pollution, crime and vandalism;
• Poor people tend to face more challenges in their living situation, especially in cities;
• Cars are the main means of transport in the EU;
• Despite good progress since 2001, stagnation in reducing the level of road fatalities in recent years has pushed the EU off track to meeting its 2020 target;
• More environmentally friendly modes of municipal waste management in the EU;
• Connection rates to wastewater treatment are increasing;
• Settlement area per capita has increased.

Goal 11’s attainment is monitored through the following main indicators: Source: EU SDG Indicator set 2019, p. 21-22: